The relationship between theoretical perspectives and early years curriculum models Essay Example for Free

The relationship between theoretical perspectives and early years curriculum models EssayPiaget believed that children be mini scientists and that they create their own understanding in response to their experiences. He also believed that children can self-motivate themselves without the need for rewards. Children are also harmonise to adapt their knowledge to their experiences. Piaget believed that if a child has a comfortable and safe environment that it leave alone allow a child to explore and interact more than efficiently. Encouraging recreational sessions will allow a child to recreate real life circumstances. Piaget assessed and monitored children individually and specified that education and free play would naturalise independent learning rather than macrocosm fed knowledge. Piaget believed that a child learns in different stagesSensorimotor 0-2 a child understands the world by dint of senses and actionsPreoperational 2-7 a child understands through language a nd mental imagesConcrete operational 7-12 a child understands the world through logical thinking and categoriesFormal operational 12 years + a child understands the world through hypothetical thinking and scientific reasoningEach stage is broken down further and being able to assess which stage a child is at enables the educator to provide the suitable resources necessitate. Children learn from first hand experiences and educators are only required to offer suitable resources. Although Piaget assessed and monitored children independently this would score had no benefit on teamwork assessments with peers and group activities.Montessoris theoriesMontessori theories have supported work in schools for everywhere light speed years. It is a child foc apply approach of teaching and learning. It is built on specific observations on children between 0-19 years. Independence is a major factor in this theory and environments that are sensibly planned assures that a child will develop phy sically, psychologically and will advance in independent learning successfully. small-arm being treated equally and justly individuals are taught on their own personal needs which promotes curiosity and passion. As all children are different, Montessoris main aims for this theory are Respect the individual personal hand-on approach unforced knowledge Absorbent mind exploring freely ensuring independent learning experiences Sensitive periods name certain growth stages allowing full potential to be met A prepared environment readily obtainable resources for specific needs and interests Auto education independent learners progress and learn life skills necessary for their futureB.F. mule drivers theoretical perspective on learningSkinner believed that all behaviour is learnt meaning it can be unlearnt. By replacing the nix behaviour with lordly behaviour and response gives a base for learning. By emphasising and modelling good behaviour imitates what is expected. Skinner b elieved that behaviours hand in school when a child doesnt understand. Teaching a child to listen teaches them to change their behaviour and reflect. Skinner alleged that children are open of learning in 2 different ways1. Children learn to avoid the negative in the attempt to receive the positive Receiving a reward for positive things increases the likelihood of the child receiving positive reactions2. Giving a punishment for a negative behaviour also gives a child reason to avoid negative and concentrate on positiveSkinner believed that making education enjoyable would be effective in controlling behaviours. He did non believe in punishments precisely positive reinforcement to adapt and influence students.It is believed that if you want to apply Skinners theories into your school you must have Positive incentives for behaviour payoff positive before reprimanding negative Ensure immediate reward to allow an association Provide on task feedback Adapt instructional material and approaches fitly Children must understand preconditioned skills before moving on Reinforce positive behavioursJ.H Pestalozzis theoryThe Swiss education reformer, influenced by Rousseau, born in Zurich, is known as the most dedicated philosopher to fight for inclusion in schools and reforming the education system. A whole child approach to his systems, Pestalozzi believed that all children should learn through playing and exploring and should be able to peruse their own fun from what interests them personally. Understanding the needs of a child and knowing their background will enhance their performance. 3 main important aspects of Pestalozzis methods are Head intelligence and knowledge Heart emotions and understanding Hands strength and dexterityPestalozzis methods still have huge influences on the forward-looking education system.It is claimed that, in Pestalozzis methods, a child learns independently, what occurs to special educational needs pupils? These pupils need struct ure and routine, so arguably his methods were not intended for SEN children and the growing population. 1 in 7 children are recognised as having special needs or a disability, meaning 13.6% would not be educated effectively. Considering most of the national curriculum was formed in 2014, it is questionable, is it up to date enough to meet the demands of the ever-growing change in society?Skinner is the only main figure in history to advise on a combination of social and political interpretations on behaviourism. He formed a theory of what a model society would be like designed around behaviourism. Hes a large(p) promoter of free will and believes that our behaviour is modelled around our setting. Hans Khon believed that Skinners theory of rewards was not a motivation for behaviour but merely a preventive measure for the natural and deliberate behaviours. He also believes that Children should have morals and make their own conscious decisions. Skinner argues the fact that all langua ge is purely learnt but, philosopher Chomsky disagrees and believes that language is inborn and is developed over time. Evidence has recognized that rewards in fact are a great triumph in education. Epraise.com have many success stories and have helped pupils achieve their milestones.It is position that Skinners discoveries were unreliable as his experiments were performed on animals and not humans. Although this may be the case, engagement on learning is successful through incentives and rewards as this is evident in modern classrooms and has been used in many studies including incredible years, which is practiced and taught at the school I am currently working in.Rewards are a great incentive, but It is argued that motivation is not found in the absence of rewards. So, is the reward system just disguising natural undesired behaviours? It is argued that if this theory wasnt working wherefore is it still used today? Do children conform through forced motivation or are they natural ly motivated?Skinners theory is actively used in many up-to-date schools around the world and is used successfully. At Heronsbridge school, many of Skinners methods are used daily. There is a each week special mention assembly for achievements, a weekly pupil of the week award, assemblies play a PowerPoint of great accomplishments caught on camera for the whole school to see, but also instant rewards such as merits and free time are given out for instant recognition of their successes. Incredible years is a method of positive reinforcement used at Heronsbridge, where negative behaviour is not acknowledged and rewards for positive behaviours are given as an incentive to encourage and thrill pupils as in Skinners philosophy. As this theory works well in Heronsbridge school, it may not work as well in other settings.As Heronsbridge is a SEN school, careful tutelage is given to the specific requirements to pupils individual needs. With regards to Jean Piagets theories and Montessoris , Heronsbridge also pays close attention to the specific need of the child, being educational or medical, and encourages total independence on the pupils who are able. It is argued that, if a child is left to learn independently, then what would happen to children with special educational needs? Being able to plan what is taught will have a huge impact on SEN children. Surely the curriculum should fit the child not the child fit the curriculum?Heronsbridge implements the Jean Piaget theory of individual assessments. Pupils are frequently monitored and assessed individually through instep testing, LNF testing and annual reviews to tell pupils are placed in the correct setting the following year, and then targets are set accordingly. No two children have the same targets and as the students are all at different levels of education, Montessoris theory of mixed aged classes is reinforced throughout the leavers department.